The Journal of the American Dental Association
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J Am Dent Assoc, Vol 138, No 2, 188-195.
© 2007 American Dental Association
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CLINICAL PRACTICE

JADA Continuing Education

Predicting anxiety during dental treatment using patients’self-reports

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Lisa J. Heaton, PhD, Charles R. Carlson, PhD, Timothy A. Smith, PhD, Ruth A. Baer, PhD and Reny de Leeuw, DDS, PhD

Background. Self-reported dental fear measures seldom are used in clinical practice to assess patients’ fears. This study examined how well dental fear measures predicted anxious behaviors displayed during dental treatment.

Methods. One hundred eight adult patients (54 percent female) in a periodontology clinic completed several paper-and-pencil demographic, dental fear and general anxiety measures before treatment. Dental practitioners, blinded to their patients’ responses, rated their patients’ anxiety during treatment on a series of 100-millimeter visual analog scales.

Results. Higher Dental Fear Survey scores, younger age, more invasive treatment type and previous avoidance of dental care because of a bad experience all were predictive of greater observed anxiety. Neither self-reported nor observed anxiety was affected by previous experience with a particular practitioner or treatment.

Conclusions. Dentists may assess patients’ anxiety quickly and accurately with the Dental Fear Survey or a similar measure, as well as by asking patients about their current dental attendance and previous dental experiences.

Key Words: Patient-dentist relationships; dental anxiety; anxiety measures; practice management; communication

Abbreviations: DAS: Dental Anxiety Scale • DFS: Dental Fear Survey • FPQ-III: Fear of Pain Questionnaire • M-C SDS: Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale • MDAS: Modified Dental Anxiety Scale • STAI: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory • STAI-S: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State • STAI-T: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait • VAS: Visual analog scale






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