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J Am Dent Assoc, Vol 140, No 2, 190-199. © 2009 American Dental Association

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JADA Continuing Education

Background. The authors conducted a study to determine the effectiveness of two waste anesthetic gas-scavenging systems. They also evaluated one of the systems to determine the effect of work practices in controlling waste nitrous oxide (N₂O).

Methods. The authors collected a minimum of 13 data sets in each phase of the study that included infrared thermography, digital videography and real-time air analysis for ambient concentrations of waste N₂O. Surgeon 1, who had experience using both systems, used the Safe Sedate Dental Mask (Airgas, Radnor, Pa.) system (system I) in phase I and the Porter Nitrous Oxide Sedation System (Porter Instruments, Hatfield, Pa.) (system II) in phase II. Surgeon 2, who did not have experience using system I, used it in phase III. To evaluate each system’s effectiveness, the authors collected N₂O air concentration data from phases I and II and compared the data with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Recommended Exposure Limit (NIOSH REL). They also compared phases I and III to determine the effect of work practices on the systems’ effectiveness.

Results. Surgeon 1 controlled occupational exposure to N₂O significantly better using system I than using system II. Mean N₂O air concentration levels during phases I and II were 61.6 parts per million (ppm) and 225.6 ppm, respectively. Surgeon 2 did not achieve results comparable to those of surgeon 1 in phase I using system I. Infrared thermography and air concentration data suggested that key work practices and patient and surgical variables accounted for the different results obtained in phases I and III.

Conclusions. Although neither system was able to control occupational exposure of N₂O oxide below the NIOSH REL, system I met the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists threshold limit value of less than 50 ppm during an eight-hour day and performed significantly better than did system II.

Clinical Implications. System I achieved maximal efficiency when combined with consistent best work practices.

Key Words: Scavenging systems; nitrous oxide; occupational exposure; waste anesthetic

Abbreviations: ACGIH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. • ADA: American Dental Association. • lpm: Liters per minute. • NIOSH: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. • OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration. • ppm: Parts per million. • REL: Recommended exposure limit.

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				M. Houpt USING NITROUS OXIDE J Am Dent Assoc, August 1, 2009; 140(8): 968 - 969. [Full Text] [PDF]