A material that stimulates the repair of defective teeth has been developed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, according to a NIST press release.
Laboratory studies show that amorphous calcium phosphate, a composite material made of loosely structured calcium phosphate embedded in polymers, can promote the regrowth of natural tooth structures. When ACP comes in contact with salivalike solutions, it releases calcium and phosphate ions and forms a crystalline calcium phosphate similar to the mineral found naturally in teeth and bone. This bioactive, biocompatible material was developed through a longstanding partnership between NIST and the ADA and is described in an article in the May–June issue of NIST Journal of Research.
Researchers say an initial use of ACP is as adhesive cement that can minimize the caries that often occurs under orthodontic braces. The material also could be used as an anti-cavity liner underneath restorations and in endodontic therapy. Clinical trials are planned to test these applications.
NIST and ADA researchers also are working to enhance the material’s physicochemical and mechanical properties and remineralizing behavior, thereby extending its dental and even orthopedic applications. For example, researchers have found that adding silica and zirconia to ACP during processing stabilizes it against premature internal formation of crystals, thereby achieving sustained release of calcium and phosphate over a longer period.
